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The inverse hyperbolic sine (Beyer 1987, p. 181; Zwillinger 1995, p. 481),
sometimes called the area hyperbolic sine (Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 264)
is the multivalued function that is the inverse function of the hyperbolic
sine.
The variants
or
(Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 263) are sometimes used to refer to explicit principal values of the inverse hyperbolic sine,
although this distinction is not always made. Worse yet, the notation
is sometimes used for the principal value, with
being used for the multivalued
function (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 87). The notations
(Jeffrey 2000, p. 124) and
(Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000, p. xxx) are sometimes
also used. Note that in the notation
,
is the hyperbolic sine
and the superscript
denotes an inverse function,
not the multiplicative inverse.
Its principal value of is implemented in the Wolfram
Language as ArcSinh[z]
and in the GNU C library as asinh(double x).
The inverse hyperbolic sine is a multivalued function and hence requires a branch cut in the
complex plane, which the Wolfram
Language's convention places at the line segments and
. This follows from the definition of
as
(1)
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The inverse hyperbolic sine is given in terms of the inverse sine by
(2)
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(Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000, p. xxx).
The derivative of the inverse hyperbolic sine is
(3)
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and the indefinite integral is
(4)
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It has a Maclaurin series
(5)
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(6)
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(7)
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(OEIS A055786 and A002595), where
is a Legendre polynomial. It has a Taylor
series about infinity of
(8)
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(9)
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