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Angle Bracket


An angle bracket is the combination of a bra and ket (bra+ket = bracket) which represents the inner product of two functions or vectors (or 1-forms),

 <f|g>=intf(x)g^|(x)dx

in a function space, or

 <v|w>=v·w^|

in a vector space. Here, a^| represents the adjoint.

The expression <X> is also commonly used to denote the expectation value of a variable X.


See also

Bra, Brace, Bracket, Differential k-Form, Expectation Value, Ket, One-Form, Parenthesis, Square Bracket

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References

Bringhurst, R. The Elements of Typographic Style, 2nd ed. Point Roberts, WA: Hartley and Marks, p. 271, 1997.

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha

Angle Bracket

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Angle Bracket." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/AngleBracket.html

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