A set of positive integers is called weakly triple-free if, for any integer , the set . For example, all subsets of are weakly triple-free except , , , and (since each of these contains the subset The numbers of weakly triple-free subsets of for , 1,2, ... are 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28, 50, 100, 200, 360, 720,
... (OEIS A068060).
A set of positive integers is called strongly triple-free if implies and . For example, the only subsets of that are strongly triple-free are , , , , , , , and (all other subsets contain either a double or triple of
another set element). The numbers of strongly triple-free subsets for , 1, 2, ... are 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 16, 24, 48, 76, 132, ... (OEIS
A050295).
Define
(1)
(2)
where
denotes the cardinal number of (number of members
in) .
Then for ,
2, ...,
is given by 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 10, 11, 11, ... (OEIS A157282),
and
by 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, ... (OEIS A050296).
Asymptotic formulas are given by
Chung, F.; Erdős, P.; and Graham, R. "On Sparse Sets Hitting Linear Forms." In Number Theory for the Millennium, vol. 1,
Proc. 2000 Urbana Conf. (Ed. M. A. Bennett, B. C. Berndt,
N. Boston, H. G. Diamond, A. J. Hildebrand, and W. Philipp).
Natick, MA: A K Peters, pp. 257-272, 2002.Finch, S. "Triple-Free
Sets of Integers." Sep. 5, 2002. http://algo.inria.fr/csolve/triple/.Finch,
S. R. "Triple-Free Set Constants." §2.26 in Mathematical
Constants. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 183-185,
2003.Graham, R.; Spencer, J.; and Witsenhausen, H. "On Extremal
Density Theorems for Linear Forms." In Number Theory and Algebra (Ed.
H. Zassenhaus). New York: Academic Press, pp. 103-109, 1977.Reznick,
B. and Holzsager, R. "-fold Free Sets of Positive Integers." Math. Mag.68,
71-72, 1995.Sloane, N. J. A. Sequences A050295,
A050296, A068060,
A086316, and A157282
in "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences."