A Thue equation is a Diophantine equation of the form
in terms of an irreducible polynomial of degree having coefficients for which solutions in integers and are sought for each given constant with .
Thue (1909) proved that such an equation has only finitely many solutions, but it was not until much later that Tzanakis and de Weger (1989) gave a practical algorithm for finding bounds on and . Although these bounds can be astronomically large in some cases, they are typically small enough to allow an exhaustive search for all solutions.