A Stoneham number is a number 
of the form
 |
where 
are relatively prime positive integers. Stoneham
(1973) proved that 
is 
-normal whenever 
is an odd prime and 
is a primitive root of 
. This result was extended by Bailey
and Crandall (2003), who showed that 
is normal for all positive integers 
and 
provided only that 
and 
are relatively prime.
-Normality
in the Rational Fractions with Applications to Normal Numbers." Acta Arith. 22,
277-286, 1973.