A graph is the edge graph of a polyhedron iff is a simple planar graph which is 3-connected.
Steinitz's Theorem
See also
Connected Graph, Fáry Theorem, Planar Graph, Simple GraphExplore with Wolfram|Alpha
Cite this as:
Weisstein, Eric W. "Steinitz's Theorem." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SteinitzsTheorem.html