A subfield which is strictly smaller than the field in which it is contained.
The field of rationals is a proper subfield of the field of real numbers which, in turn, is a proper subfield of ; is actually the biggest proper subfield of , whereas there are infinite sequences of proper subfields between and . Here is one example, constructed by using the th root of 2 for different prime numbers ,
Note that all the fields in the sequence are contained in the set of algebraic numbers, which is another proper subfield of .
Hence, has infinitely many proper subfields. On the contrary, has none, since any subfield of must contain 0, all integer multiples of 1, and all their quotients (since every field is a division algebra), thus generating all the rational numbers. In particular, is the smallest proper subfield of .
For all prime numbers and integers , the prime field is a proper subfield of .