Perspective is the art and mathematics of realistically depicting three-dimensional objects in a two-dimensional plane, sometimes called centric or natural perspective
to distinguish it from bicentric perspective.
The study of the projection of objects in a plane is called projective
geometry. The principles of perspective drawing were elucidated by the Florentine
architect F. Brunelleschi (1377-1446). These rules are summarized by Dixon (1991):
1. The horizon appears as a line.
2. Straight lines in space appear as straight lines in the image.
de Vries, V. Perspective. New York: Dover, 1968.Dixon, R. "Perspective Drawings." Ch. 3
in Mathographics.
New York: Dover, pp. 79-88, 1991.Lambert, J. H. Freie Perspective,
2nd ed. Zürich, 1774.Parramon, J. M. Perspective--How
to Draw. Barcelona, Spain: Parramon Editions, 1984.Steinhaus, H.
Mathematical
Snapshots, 3rd ed. New York: Dover, pp. 157-159, 1999.