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Pebbling Number


Define a pebbling move as a transer of two pebbles from one vertex of a graph edge to an adjacent vertex with one of the pebbles being removed in transit as a toll. The pebbling number pi(G) of a graph G is the smallest t such that every supply of t pebbles can satisfy every demand of one pebble (Hurlbert 2011). Computing the pebbling number is NP-complete (Hurlbert 2011).

The values of the pebbling number for various classes of graphs are given in the table below (Hurlbert).

The pebbling number satisfies a number of bounds. Let n=|G| be the vertex count, d(G) the graph diameter, and gamma(G) the domination number of a graph G.

Breadth lower bounds:

 pi(G)>=n
(1)

Cut lower bound (which G_x contained a cut vertex x):

 pi(G_x)>n
(2)

Depth lower bound:

 pi(G)>=2^d
(3)

Pigeonhole upper bound:

 pi(G)<=(n-1)(2^d-1)+1
(4)

Sharper bounds:

pi(G)<=(n-d)(2^d-1)+1
(5)
pi(G)<=(n+|_n-1/d_|-1)2^(d-1)-n+2
(6)
pi(G)<=(n+2gamma)2^(d-1)-gamma+1
(7)

(Hurlbert).

For a graph with d(G)=2,

 pi(G)<=n+1,
(8)

where n=|G| is the vertex count of G (Hurlbert 2011).


See also

Scramble Number

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References

Chung, F. R. K. "'Pebbling in Hypercubes." SIAM J. Disc. Math. 2, 467-472, 1989.Hurlbert, G. "A Linear Optimization Technique for Graph Pebbling." 28 Jan 2011. https://arxiv.org/abs/1101.5641.Hurlbert, G. "General Graph Pebbling." Disc. Appl. Math. 161, 1221-1231, 2013.Hurlbert, G. "Graph Pebbling Numbers Page." http://www.people.vcu.edu/~ghurlbert/pebbling/pnummain.html.Milans, K. and Clark, B. "The Complexity of Graph Pebbling." SIAM J. Disc. Math. 20, 769-798, 2006.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Pebbling Number." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/PebblingNumber.html

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