As of 2014, the IEEE 754-2008 is the most commonly implemented standard for floating-point arithmetic. This framework is a massive overhaul of its predecessor IEEE 754-1985
and includes a built-in collection of guidelines specifying nearly every conceivable
aspect of floating-point theory.
The full name of the standard is the IEEE Standard 754-2008 for Floating-Point Arithmetic, though in literature, it is commonly shortened to either IEEE 754-2008
or to IEEE 754 provided there is no confusion.