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Concordant Form


A concordant form is an integer triple (a,b,N) where

 {a^2+b^2=c^2; a^2+Nb^2=d^2,
(1)

with c and d integers. Examples include

 {14663^2+111384^2=112345^2; 14663^2+47·111384^2=763751^2 
{1141^2+13260^2=13309^2; 1141^2+53·13260^2=96541^2 
{2873161^2+2401080^2=3744361^2; 2873161^2+83·2401080^2=22062761^2.
(2)

Dickson (2005) states that C. H. Brooks and S. Watson found in The Ladies' and Gentlemen's Diary (1857) that x^2+y^2 and x^2+Ny^2 can be simultaneously squares for N<100 only for 1, 7, 10, 11, 17, 20, 22, 23, 24, 27, 30, 31, 34, 41, 42, 45, 49, 50, 52, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 68, 71, 72, 74, 76, 77, 79, 82, 85, 86, 90, 92, 93, 94, 97, 99, and 100 (which evidently omits 47, 53, and 83 from above). The list of concordant primes less than 1000 is now complete with the possible exception of the 16 primes 103, 131, 191, 223, 271, 311, 431, 439, 443, 593, 607, 641, 743, 821, 929, and 971.


See also

Congruum

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References

Dickson, L. E. History of the Theory of Numbers, Vol. 1: Divisibility and Primality. New York: Dover, p. 475, 2005.MathPages. "Concordant Forms." http://www.mathpages.com/home/kmath286.htm.

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha

Concordant Form

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Concordant Form." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/ConcordantForm.html

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