Given a complex Hilbert space with associated space of continuous linear operators from to itself, the bicommutant of an arbitrary subset is the commutant of the commutant of , i.e., . In particular, the bicommutant is the collection of all elements in that commute with all elements of :
Across the literature on the subject, the set is sometimes denoted , a reference to the fact that a linear operator between normed vector spaces is continuous if and only if it is bounded (Royden and Fitzpatrick 2010). Likewise, the bicommutant is sometimes called the double commutant.
The notions of commutant and bicommutant are fundamental to the study of von Neumann algebras (Dixmier 1981).